Salmonella Typhi Stool Shedding among the patients in a tertiary care hospital

Authors

  • Beena Jha Department of Microbiology, Kathmandu Medical College, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
  • Manisha Sharma Department of Microbiology, Kathmandu Medical College, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
  • Chandra Prakash Bhatt Department of Microbiology, Kathmandu Medical College, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal.
  • Sushmita Neupane Department of Microbiology, Kathmandu Medical College, Sinamangal, Kathmandu, Nepal.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.61122/jkistmc380

Keywords:

Chronic carrier, diagnostics, epidemiology, Salmonella, typhoid fever

Abstract

Introduction: Humans are the only natural host and reservoir of Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi (S. Typhi), the causative organism of typhoid fever. The multiplication of S. Typhi outside the human host is not robust, although some ability to survive in the environment for an extended time is theoretically required for transmission.

Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in the Department of Microbiology at a tertiary care hospital over three months of period. Consent was taken from the patient. Ethical approval was taken from instituitional review committee (Ref:07022025/13). A total of 100 stool samples were cultured, bacterial growth was identified and antibiotic sensitivity testing were performed.

Results: Culture-positive results were observed in 4% with S. Typhi being the most common isolate, followed by Salmonella paratyphi 1%. S. Typhi was seen most commonly among the age group of 15-34 years. The most sensitive antibiotics (100%) for S. Typhi isolates were Ciprofloxacin, Meropenem, Amikacin, Ceftriaxone and Piperacillin/Tazobactam.

Conclusion: S. Typhi was the common organism isolated. The most effective antibiotics were Ciprofloxacin, Meropenem, Amikacin , Ceftriaxone and Piperacillin/Tazobactam. Transmission of S. Typhi is dependent on human carriers, yet little is known about the development of the carrier state or why it occurs only in specific individuals. Identification and treatment of carriers are thus crucial for the control of disease outbreaks.

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Published

2026-10-05

How to Cite

1.
Jha B, Sharma M, Bhatt CP, Neupane S. Salmonella Typhi Stool Shedding among the patients in a tertiary care hospital. J. KIST Med. Col [Internet]. 2026 Oct. 5 [cited 2026 Oct. 20];8(16):21-4. Available from: https://www.jkistmc.org.np/jkistmc/index.php/JKISTMC/article/view/380

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 16 (2026): Journal of KIST Medical College

Section

Original Article

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Copyright (c) 2026 Beena Jha, Manisha Sharma, Chandra Prakash Bhatt, Sushmita Neupane

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